I am a borderlands scholar who researches on borders and migration most especially as it concerns human trafficking and migrant smuggling in Africa. I am also interested in thinking through ways in which social and ethnic cleavages in border communities could be used for economic integration and social cohesion in Africa. And as such, I advance the course of border communities that have an age long history of marginalization and neglect by the government in Africa. I have participated in the European Union sponsored project on irregular migration in the Middle East, Asia, and Africa.