Enhancing the food and nutritional security for a rapidly growing human population is one of the important sustainability challenges of this 21st century and also the target of United Nation Sustainable Development Goals (UN-SDGs) by the year 2030. However, intensive agricultural practices have resulted in rampant pollution due to the indiscriminate use of agrochemicals, drastically reduced the soil quality and aboveground-belowground biodiversity mainly due to the loss of soil structure, organic carbon, essential micro and macronutrients, and enhanced trace gases emission. Therefore, sustainable management of agroecosystems is of paramount importance to ensure the food and nutritional security of an additional 3 billion population by 2050 and also to maximize the food production and soil biodiversity without negatively affecting the ecosystems services offered by the soil system. Against this backdrop, during my doctoral research, I have developed various climate-smart and resource conservation agro-biotechnological practices for improving the soil fertility, carbon stock, aboveground-belowground biodiversity, and enhancing the yield and nutritional quality of agricultural produces. Furthermore, I am highly interested to develop sustainable agricultural practices that could offer the complete package for improving soil, plant, human and environmental health and help in achieving the targets of the UN-SDGs.